Cover of Dark Was the Night is a watercolor painting of an African American boy playing a guitar and singng

Dark Was the Night is a lyrical picture book biography that publishes this week. Its spare, evocative language tells the story of bluesman Willie Johnson. Readers learn about Johnson’s early life, including the tragic loss of his mother and later the loss of his eyesight. We see Johnson using music to make sense of those losses.

The book looks at Johnson’s musical innovations like using his pocketknife on his guitar strings for the sound it produced. Years after his death, Johnson’s haunting song, “Dark Was the Night” was included in a disk sent out into space, as representative of the human experience.

In the back matter, Golio talks about how continuing research has been changing our understanding of Johnson and his life’s experience. I love that acknowledgment and the context it provides to young readers. Published books rely on the scholarship of their time, and this essay makes that relationship explicit. The back matter also talks more about the disk that went into space–what was on it and why it was sent out.

E.B. Lewis’ art is luminous, exploring light and dark on different pages.

It’s well worth listening to “Dark Was the Night” before reading the book. You can hear Johnson’s own rendition here.

Dark Was the Night by Gary Golio, illustrated by E.B. Lewis (Nancy Paulsen Books: 2020). Free electronic review copy was provided me in return for honest review.

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Cover of Making Their Voices Heard shows illustration of Ella Fitzgerald and Marilyn Monroe together

Two icons of the mid-twentieth century: Marilyn Monroe and Ella Fitzgerald. Who knew that they were friends? The picture book biography Making Their Voices Heard tells the story of how they met and how they supported each other.

About the story

Both Ella Fitzgerald and Marilyn Monroe were famous, but both faced discrimination. Ella was banned from some venues because of her race. She was sometimes sidelined because she was overweight and wasn’t considered a beauty. Marilyn was passed over for serious roles because she was considered too beautiful to be smart. She struggled to have a say in which movies she would appear.

But then Marilyn listened to recordings of Ella to prepare for her role in Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. The movie became a big hit, and Marilyn became a star. She used her star power to arrange a meeting with her idol, Ella.

Gentlemen Prefer Blondes gave Marilyn power in the movie industry. She could finally choose her scripts and directors. When she found out that a famous Hollywood club blocked Ella from appearing,, Marilyn used her star power again to change the club owner’s mind. The back matter reports that Ella said that after her friend intervened, “I never had to play a small jazz club again.”

About the book

I love how author Vivian Kirkfield uses page turns to show the similarities between the two women. One spread details Ella Fitzgerald’s background. The page turn reveals the very same design but details Marilyn Monroe’s background. On some spreads, Marilyn is on one side of the spread, Ella on the other.

The art by Alleanna Harris is beautiful. She gives each woman glamor and humanity. My favorite image is the final one, where Marilyn and Ella face each other across the book’s gutter. Their separation is shattered, however, by a hand reaching across the gutter, uniting the two of them.

The back matter has a luminous photo of the two women together and gives more detail about their relationship.

Where to go for more

Marilyn Monroe talks about her childhood.

Short video biography of Ella Fitzgerald.

A review of another nonfiction picture book by Vivian Kirkfield.

Making Their Voices Heard: the Inspiring Friendship of Ella Fitzgerald and Marilyn Monroe by Vivian Kirkfield, illustrated by Alleanna Harris. (little bee: 2020).

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Cover of book shows African American man in foreground, Museum of African American History and Culture in backgroun

What does it take to build a dream? Kelly Starling Lyons’ picture book biography Dream Builder: The Story of Architect Philip Freelon explores that question.

Lyons structures Dream Builder around the steps necessary to build a building. She explores Vision, Foundation, Frame, Form, and Dream. We see how each of these ideas led to Freelon becoming an architect. At the same time, we see how each of these ideas leads to the buildings he creates.

The story also explores Freelon’s learning disability. He had many strengths in school. But reading was difficult for him. I think kids with similar struggles will love this book.

I was also interested to learn about Freelon’s attitudes about what he was willing to design. The book explains that “He will not design prisons or casinos.”

Freelon himself wrote an afterword for the book just weeks before he passed away in 2019. And Lyons has an interesting author’s note about how she came to the project.

You can read about Kelly Starling Lyons here.

You can look at more of the illustrator’s art here.

Dream Builder: The Story of Architect Philip Freelon by Kelly Starling Lyons, illustrated by Laura Freeman (Lee & Low: 2020).

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Cover of book shows white-haired woman clutching a book

Children spend a lot of time and energy learning to read. The Oldest Student: How Mary Walker Learned to Read acknowledges that effort and reminds us what a treasure literacy is.

Rita Lorraine Hubbard has written this beautiful tribute to Mary Walker. Mary, as she’s called in the book, was born into enslavement. The author’s note acknowledges that Hubbard had to imagine the conditions of her enslavement since no records remain. When Mary was fifteen years old, the Civil War ended, and she and her family began sharecropping and finding other ways to provide for themselves. In the crush of work, Mary never learned to read.

After her husband and all three of her sons had passed away, when Mary was 114 years old, she joined a reading class in her retirement class. Just like the children this book is written for, “She studied the alphabet until her eyes watered. She memorized the sounds each letter made and practiced writing her name so many times that her fingers cramped. She learned to recognize ‘sight words’ and then challenged herself to make short sentences with them.”

And Mary learned how to read!

I loved Oge Mora’s collage art in the book. She subtly includes print elements in almost every illustration, reminding the reader how much of our world is made up of things that need to be read. I especially loved the page where Mary is leaving her children at home while she goes out to work, and the ground she’s walking on is composed of pieces from a sewing pattern. Even the kind of work that Mary had to do to make ends meet was made more difficult because she couldn’t read.

And then, in the triumphant illustration where people are celebrating Mary’s newfound ability to read, the dress Oge Mora puts her in is composed of type. It’s a lovely and moving moment.

Collage image from book shows Mary in a dress made of pieces of print.

An inspiring book that celebrates literacy!

The Oldest Student: How Mary Walker Learned to Read by Rita Lorraine Hubbard, illustrated by Oge Mora. (Schwartz & Wade: 2020).

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Cover of book shows the hand of an African American woman adjusting an opthalomogical machine.

A female, African American physician and inventor whose work gave many the gift of sight. Why haven’t I heard of Dr. Patricia Bath before? Michelle Lord’s picture book biography, Patricia’s Vision, aims to correct that.

The story starts with Michelle’s childhood and how her early life steered her toward a life in science. It touches on the cutting indignities she faced in her profession but her persistent concern for people with visual impairments. We see her develop new tools in order to do laser surgery on people with cataracts and continue her concern for people with sight problems even into her retirement.

Throughout the book, quotations from Dr. Bath are set at appropriate spots in the story. The back matter explains that Lord was able to do telephone interviews with Dr. Bath for the book.

This is an inspiring story about caring for others and persisting despite discouragement. It does a good job showing how careers in science can make a big difference in people’s lives.

Patricia’s Vision: The Doctor Who Saved Sight, by Michelle Lord, illustrated by Alleanna Harris (Sterling: 2020).

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Cover shows African American woman holding tools in a carpentry shop

Sweet Dreams Sarah by Vivian Kirkfield is a nonfiction picture book that hits the sweet spot of combining STEM principles with social studies content.

In the book, we see the engineering process at work. Every element of the story zeroes in on the engineering process:

identify the problem

brainstorm solutions

construct a prototype

analyze the results

redesign

A nineteenth century, newly-freed woman, Sarah, tries to solve a problem for the customers in her furniture shop. They live in tiny apartments and the furniture she sells is just too bulky. Once she has identified the problem, she brainstorms solutions and builds a prototype. The prototype has problems so she redesigns it. When her patent is rejected, she revises and resubmits it. Her story would be a great introduction to a unit on invention

At the same time, her story has lots of social studies content that can spark conversation and build understanding in kids. It addresses slavery, Reconstruction, entrepreneurship, and how government processes (like patents) work. Importantly, it discusses the roles of women in history in a clear way.

The book is clear and fun to read aloud. It keeps the story active and moving along with refrains like, “Measure. Cut. Sand.”

And now I want one of the desk-beds that Sarah invented!

Sweet Dreams Sarah by Vivian Kirkfield, illustrated by Chris Ewald. (Creston Books: 2019).

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Cover of Let 'Er Buck shows African American cowboy on a bucking bronco

I loved Let ‘Er Buck by Vaunda Micheaux Nelson. This picture book biography tells the story of George Fletcher, and African American cowboy who, in 1911 entered the Pendleton Round-up rodeo and arguably won but was not awarded the top prize by the judges. The book describes how the audience took matters into their own hands to make sure Fletcher left with prize money.

I love books that tell me about unexpected heroes but this one was especially sweet to me since it takes place in my neck of the woods. The book tells about how Fletcher lived for a time as a child on the Umatilla Indian Reservation and competed against a Nez Perce cowboy, all familiar Inland Northwest locations and groups.

Nelson helps set the scene with an engaging old-timey voice. The first page, even before the title page, she introduces us to George Fletcher, the rodeo star, but then warns, “But we’re puttin’t he wagon ahead of the horse. We gotta go back a ways to reckon how he [Fletcher] got there.” The voice helps set the reader in time and place, and she never lets the Western flourishes overwhelm the story.

I loved the back matter in this book. Nelson gives a more complete profile of each of the three rodeo competitors described in the book, as well as of the sheriff who led the charge to make sure Fletcher’s skillful riding was adequately rewarded. She also has a fascinating section called “About the Research” where she sketches out some of the uncertainties she had to struggle with as she figured out the story to tell, and she includes a full page bibliography.

The oil painting illustrations, by Gordon C. James are vibrant and expressive.

I’m going to be sharing Let ‘Er Buck with lots of people!

Also, in the shameless promotion category, I’m delighted that Girl Running has been showing up on states’ reading lists. It’s been nominated for Maine’s children’s choice prize, the Chickadee Award and was listed on the Texas Topaz Nonfiction Reading List.

Picture of tree going out of book with words "Nonfiction Picture Book Challenge 2019"

Let ‘Er Buck: George Fletcher, the People’s Champion by Vaunda Micheaux Nelson, illustrated by Gordon C. James (Carolrhoda Books: 2019).

Cover of Waiting for Pumpsie shows young black boy watching baseball diamondI thrill to books about triumphal firsts in human rights–stories about the Emancipation Proclamation, stories about universal suffrage, stories about breaking the color barrier in sports, stories about making inter-racial marriages legal. Those are important stories that need to be told. But as recent events remind us, it takes time for society to change. Sometimes a very long change. Children could assume that racism no longer exists if the only kinds of nonfiction picture books that got published were about triumphal firsts. But luckily there are other books that try to depict the struggle (like this one and this one and this one).  The book I’m looking at today, Waiting for Pumpsie, is one of those books.

Waiting for Pumpsie isn’t about the first black man to play Major League Baseball. In fact, it happens twelve years later, long after almost every Major League baseball team had blacks on their rosters. It’s the story of how the hold-out team, the Boston Red Sox, finally hired Pumpsie Green.

The story is historical fiction. The author says in the Author’s Note, “Bernard is a fictional character, but the events leading up to Pumpsie Green’s 1959 arrival in the major leagues with the Boston Red Sox are true.” Using fiction to tell a factual story works really well here since the author is able to cobble together scenes where Bernard and his family face all kinds of different types of ugly daily discrimination. They’re the kinds of daily humiliations that definitely happened, and you could find an example of each  in the historical record, but it would probably be impossible to find a single historical account that included all of them.  So a fictional place-holder allows the story to more fully depict what the world was like in 1959.

The acrylic paintings are vivid and depict actual ephemera from the time–baseball cards, TV schedules, game tickets, a souvenir pennant.

Waiting for Pumpsie by Barry Wittenstein, illustrated by London Ladd. Charlesbridge: 2017.

(I’m posting this week at Page Through the Parks–so far, Junior Ranger eclipse pamphlet, a great podcast, and kids of color and the national parks–come visit!)

Children with book around a globe

I participate every Wednesday in the Nonfiction Picture Book Challenge at Kid Lit Frenzy.

 

African American woman stands proudly in front of fancy party gowns.In Fancy Party Gowns I loved learning about one of those fascinating people from the corner of history–someone who changed a little bit of the world but who isn’t widely known. This is a book about a fashion designer, Ann Cole Lewis, who created a career for herself out of designing and producing high end dresses. She made the gown that Olivia de Haviland wore to receive her Oscar in 1947 and the wedding dress that Jacqueline Bouvier wore in 1953 when she married John Kennedy. Ann managed her career while, at the same time, managing anti-African American sentiment that tripped her up time and again.

I loved the way Deborah Blumenthal used refrains in the text of the book. When Ann faces challenges, like the death of her mother or the disastrous destruction of her work, “Ann thought about what she could do not what she couldn’t change.” When she faces discrimination, it’s “because she was African American. And life wasn’t fair.”

My heart sang at Ann’s triumphs over adversity and mean-spiritedness. And the book made me want to sit down with some fabric and a needle, too.End papers show many fancy party gowns.

The art is wonderful. Not surprisingly, there are wonderful fabric colors, textures, and patterns on every page. It dwells lovingly on tiny details related to sewing, like the handful of buttons strewn across the bottom of one page. I especially love the endpapers, which show some of the dresses Ann designed.

This is a book to read with The Hundred Dresses! One is fiction but this nonfiction story will give context and power to the idea of designing dresses.

Fancy Party Gowns: the Story of Fashion Designer Ann Cole Lewis, by Deborah Blumenthal, illustrated by Laura Freeman. little bee: 2017

Children with book around a globe

I participate every Wednesday in the Nonfiction Picture Book Challenge at Kid Lit Frenzy.

In the last few years, the American Library Association Youth Media Awards have increasingly recognized nonfiction. By my count, between 1942 and 1983 no Caldecott medals went to nonfiction books. That’s 0 awards in 41 years. In 2014, 2016, and now 2017, the Caldecott medal went to nonfiction picture books. This week Radiant Child by Javaka Steptoe won both the Caldecott and a Coretta Scott King Honor.

Other nonfiction books won big at the ALA Awards, too. Freedom in Congo Square, one of my favorite books from last year, won both a Caldecott Honor and a Coretta Scott King Honor. The graphic novel memoir by John Lewis, March, won the Coretta Scott King Award and the Printz Award (besides snatching both of the nonfiction awards–the Sibert and the YALSA Nonfiction).

Happily I have already reviewed Freedom in Congo Square way back in March but I didn’t do so well getting the other award winners reviewed.I have a review of Giant Squid, the only picture book to win a Sibert Honor, scheduled for later this month.

Portrait of Jean-Michel Basquiat as a childI have had Radiant Child on my stack of to-be-reviewed books for about a month now. When I first read the book, it didn’t grab me. But I kept thinking about the art and found myself digging out the book to show people how he used found wood, pieced together, as his canvas. I love the subtle collage elements and the shifts in perspective.

The story itself is about a troubled but brilliant grafitti artist, Jean-Michel Basquiat, whose work was cut short by his tragic end (which is discussed only in the back matter). One of my favorite parts of the book was the note in the back matter by the author/artist explaining why Basquiat’s work speaks to him.

This is a beautiful book with celebratory images of a Puerto Rican/Haitian boy. It’s fitting that a book about art would win the award for the best art in a children’s book.

Radiant Child: The Story of Young Artist Jean-Michel Basquiat by Javaka Steptoe. (Little Brown: 2016).

Children with book around a globe

I participate every Wednesday in the Nonfiction Picture Book Challenge.

 

 

African American boy looks at a steamboat in the river.Kids deserve to know about amazing, courageous people from the past. But sometimes the historical record is too sketchy to tell a strictly nonfiction story about a real event. That’s where historical fiction comes in–writers can tell a story that conveys a historical truth without having the life sucked out of the story by the lack of documentary evidence required by nonfiction. Deborah Hopkinson tells just such a story in Steamboat School.

An 1847 made it illegal in Missouri to teach reading or writing to any African Americans, even free citizens. In this book Hopkinson tells the true story of how one committed, creative African American preacher found a way to keep teaching without breaking the law.

This is a great story for kids. It highlights the importance of education, and the lengths people are willing to go in order to learn to read and write. It showcases a man of courage and conviction. It’s a story about kids learning. It would be a great shame for the story to go untold simply because the historical account is so sketchy. So Hopkinson creates a fictional frame to tell the story, but she also makes it clear right from the cover of the book that this is a fictional account, “inspired by a true story.”

The back matter is extensive and fascinating. She talks a little about research material she looked for but failed to find, and she gives the reader much greater detail about the historical characters.

The text of the book isn’t quite nonfiction, but combined with the excellent back matter, this book can fill many of the functions of excellent nonfiction for kids.

Steamboat School, Inspired by a True Story by Deborah Hopkinson, illustrated by Ron Husband. Disney-Hyperion: 2016.

Children around a globe.

 

 

 

I participate in the Nonfiction Picture Book every Wednesday at KidLit Frenzy.

Cover of Poet: The Remarkable Story of George Moses Horton shows George Moses Horton rapturously holding a newspaper in which his first poem has been printedPoet: The Remarkable Story of George Moses Horton is a lovely picture book biography about an African American who started writing poetry while he was enslaved. In the afterword, Tate says, “…the publishing industry could do a better job of balancing the topic of slavery with other African-American stories.”

This month furor has erupted again over what kinds of stories about enslaved people can be told in picture books. After A Fine Dessert and A Birthday Cake for George Washington, what topics can nonfiction picture books cover? I think it’s clear that right now it isn’t possible to write about slavery tangentially. If a nonfiction book is going to tell the story of an enslaved person, it had better deal directly with the issue of slavery itself. I feel wistful for those stories that aren’t being told. But I also think it’s fair to argue that we haven’t told the story of enslavement well enough or often enough to our picture book audience. That terrible story needs to be told before other kinds of stories about enslaved people can be heard.

Poet is a great example of what can be done in a picture book. It deals with the horrors of enslavement without losing the wonder and beauty of what Horton managed within the confines of slavery. Tate tells the inspiring story of Horton learning to read and to write and then finding a way to make a living out of poetry. But he doesn’t whitewash the injustice or horror of slavery, either.

I don’t think, though, that Tate was suggesting that we ONLY tell stories about enslaved African Americans.  I totally agree with him that we need lots, lots more nonfiction picture books about African Americans. And about Chinese Americans and Mexican Americans and Indian Americans. We need to hear the stories we haven’t heard yet to remind us of what makes us who we are.

Poet: The Remarkable Story of George Moses Horton by Don Tate. Peachtree: 2015.

Cover of book Firebird: Ballerina Misty Copeland Shows a Young Girl How to Dance Like the Firebird In this lyrical autobiography, ballerina Misty Copeland speaks to a young, uncertain dancer, encouraging her to prepare, to practice, and mostly to believe in her ability to dance. The text has none of the dates or places of the birth-to-death biography but is instead a spiritual account of the internal process needed to succeed in ballet.

You won’t hear from this book that Copeland is one of the great modern ballerinas or that she was born in poverty or that she became, just a few months ago, the first female African American principal dancer at the American Ballet Theater. The book’s language is lovely, but it will have even more meaning if you first dig into Copeland’s life a bit–perhaps at her website or by watching the new movie about her life. Copeland includes a letter to the reader at the back of the book, but it talks more about why she wrote the book than about where she came from. I would have loved a much longer, more detail-oriented back essay here. But luckily there are other resources to fill the gap.

Teachers might think about comparing this autobiography to Yuyi Morales’ biography of Frida Kahlo, Viva Frida.  Both use lyricism and imagery to describe artists.

Firebird: Ballerina Misty Copeland shows a Young Girl How to Dance Like the Firebird by Misty Copeland, illustrated  by Christopher Myers. G. P. Putnam’s: 2014.

CorneliusSometimes everyday people are the true heroes of history. Here’s a book that celebrates one of those heroes.

Cornelius Washington was a New Orleans trash collector. After Hurricane Katrina, despite the devastation and discouragement, he stayed in his job. Trash collectors like Cornelius were vital to making it possible for others, people from New Orleans and all around the country, to clear out the debris left in the wake of the storm and start a new life.

Phil Bildner makes Cornelius into a folk hero–one who piled bags into “perfect pyramids” and who danced in the streets while he picked up trash–who inspires everyone to work together. The language is infectiously bouncy, full of alliteration (“The barbers, bead twirlers and beignet bakers bounded behind the one-man parade” of  Cornelius) and onomatopoeia (“Hootie Hoo!”) and fun to read aloud.

The back matter carefully draws a line between the invention that is in the story and the nonfiction basis of that invention:

…while Cornelius was certainly a showman, he may not have twirled lids like tops or clapped them like cymbals. He had signals and calls, but they weren’t the exact ones described here. The garbage bags he threw into his hopper probably didn’t land in perfect pyramids….And though he was celebrated and beloved in his neighborhoods, he was not called Marvelous Cornelius.

But he deserves to be.

This book reminded me of the beauty of a life well-lived and of the power we have as individuals to lift others, even when the problems we face are enormous.

Marvelous Cornelius: Hurricane  Katrina and the Spirit of New Orleans, by Phil Bildner, illustrated by John Parra. Chronicle Books: 2015.